Homemade Cleaners

The recipe

The concentrate

You need

• 1 gallon water
• 2 teaspoons Dawn dish soap
• 1/2 cup white vinegar
• 1/2 cup baking soda
• A spray bottle

How

1. Combine everything, adding the baking soda slowly because it foams with the vinegar.
2. Pour into a spray bottle for showers, toilets, sinks and counters. For floors, spray on and wipe off.

Never mix this with bleach or ammonia. Do not seal a bottle while it is still fizzing. Label it.

The recipe

Baking soda cleaner

You need

• 1 quart warm water
• 4 tablespoons baking soda

How

1. Stir the baking soda into the warm water until it dissolves.
2. Wipe on with a sponge, rinse, and dry.

Test first. Dried baking soda can leave a white film, so rinse well.

The recipe

Sanitizing solution (cutting boards, counters, toys, doorknobs, trash cans)

You need

• 3 tablespoons liquid bleach
• 1 gallon water

How

1. Wash the surface with soap and rinse well first.
2. Wipe the bleach solution on, leave it two minutes, then rinse and air dry.

Use bleach and soap separately, never together. Open a window. Never mix bleach with vinegar, ammonia or rubbing alcohol. Label the bottle and keep it away from children and pets.

Another recipe

Disinfecting spray (toilet bowls, grout, tubs, trash cans)

You need

• 3/4 cup household bleach
• 1 gallon water

How

1. Clean off visible dirt first.
2. Spray on, let it sit as the label of your bleach says, then rinse.

Strong stuff: ventilate, wear gloves, keep it off fabrics and colored surfaces. Never mix bleach with vinegar, ammonia or rubbing alcohol. Label the bottle and keep it away from children and pets.

The recipe

Castile cream all-purpose spray

You need

• 1/2 cup castile soap cream (see Castile soap cream)
• 3 1/2 cups warm water

How

1. Whisk the cream into the water until smooth and pour into a labeled spray bottle.
2. Spray on washable surfaces and wipe with a damp cloth.

Never add vinegar or citric acid. Rinse off residue, and do not use on electronics, unsealed wood or unknown finishes.

More: Castile Soap Spray for Counters

The recipe

Castile soap cream (a base for other cleaners)

You need

• 1 bar castile soap
• 4 cups water

How

1. Cut the soap into small cubes and soak in the water about 24 hours.
2. Blend on low until it forms a soft gel. (Or blend finely grated soap with warm water instead.)

Use a blender you wash well, and blend only cooled mixtures. Make small batches and label them. This is a base, not a disinfectant.

The recipe

Spray bottle mix

You need

• 3 cups warm water
• 1 tablespoon baking soda
• 1 tablespoon borax
• 1 teaspoon glycerine
• 20 drops essential oil

How

Combine in a spray bottle and shake to dissolve.

Borax should not be swallowed. Label the bottle and keep it away from children and pets. Test on a hidden spot first.

More: Homemade Multi-Purpose Cleaner

The recipe

Soft scrub paste

You need

• 1/4 cup borax
• Liquid castile soap, enough to make a paste
• 1/2 teaspoon lemon essential oil

How

1. Mix the borax with enough soap to make a creamy paste.
2. Add the lemon oil and blend.
3. Scoop a little onto a sponge, wash the surface, then rinse well.

Rinse well, and keep borax away from children and pets. Test on a hidden spot first.

The recipe

Orange vinegar

You need

• Peel from 4 oranges
• White vinegar to fill a quart jar

How

1. Put the peels in a quart jar and fill with white vinegar.
2. Let it sit about a week.
3. Strain into a spray bottle and use it to clean.

Not for natural stone (marble, granite, travertine): acid dulls it. Label it.

The recipe

Orange peel vinegar spray (small batch)

You need

• Peels of 4 oranges
• enough white vinegar to fill a 1-quart jar

How

1. Put the orange peels in a clean jar and cover them with vinegar.
2. Let it sit about a week, then strain into a labeled bottle.

Do not use on stone or delicate finishes. Test first, and throw it out if it turns cloudy or smells off.

The recipe

Simple soap and water spray

You need

• 1 cup water
• 1/4 teaspoon mild liquid dish soap

How

1. Put the water and soap in a clean spray bottle and swirl.
2. Spray onto a cloth (not the surface), wipe, and rinse with a damp cloth if it feels sticky.

Skip unfinished wood and screens, and test delicate finishes first. Mix small batches.

The recipe

Soap and water counter spray

You need

• 1/2 cup warm water
• 5 drops regular liquid dishwashing detergent

How

1. Put the water and soap in a small spray bottle and swirl.
2. Lightly mist a microfiber cloth (not the counter), wipe a sealed countertop your maker says is okay, then buff dry.

For routine cleaning only: it does not disinfect. Check your countertop maker's instructions.

The recipe

Stronger borax wash

You need

• 2 cups hot water
• 2 tablespoons borax
• 1/4 cup white vinegar

How

1. Stir the borax into the hot water until it is completely dissolved, and let it cool.
2. Stir in the vinegar.
3. Wipe on with a cloth and rinse.

Borax can irritate skin: wear gloves and keep it away from children and pets. It cleans but does not disinfect.

The recipe

Vinegar and soap spray

You need

• 3/4 cup warm water
• 1/4 cup white vinegar
• 1/2 teaspoon liquid soap

How

1. Mix in a labeled bottle and swirl gently.
2. Wipe the surface, then go over it with a damp cloth if needed.

Never use on marble, limestone, travertine or other stone that acid can dull.

The recipe

Castile bar dishpan wash

You need

• 2 tablespoons finely grated castile bar soap
• 1 1/2 gallons very warm water

How

1. Dissolve the grated soap completely in the dishpan.
2. Wash dishes with a brush or cloth, then rinse everything well with clean water.

Never put soap in an automatic dishwasher. It dissolves slowly in cold water and can leave scum in hard water.

The recipe

Vinegar descale

You need

• White vinegar (half the reservoir)
• Water (the other half)

How

1. Empty the reservoir, take out any pod and the water filter, and set a big mug under the spout.
2. Fill halfway with vinegar and the rest with water. Brew with no pod until it is empty, dumping the mug as needed, then let it sit about 30 minutes.
3. Run plain-water cycles until there is no vinegar smell. Wipe the outside, drip tray and pod holder.

Do this every 3 to 6 months, depending on your water. Check the manual first: some coffee makers need their own descaler.

The recipe

Coffee maker vinegar rinse (second way)

You need

• 1 cup white vinegar
• fresh water for at least 2 rinse cycles

How

1. Check the manual: only continue if vinegar is allowed.
2. Run the vinegar through the machine, then run plain water through at least twice.

Some coffee makers need their own descaler, so follow the instructions that came with yours.

The recipe

Lemon and salt

You need

• Half a lemon
• Coarse salt
• A bench scraper, warm water and a sponge

How

1. Sprinkle coarse salt over the board.
2. Rub the cut side of the lemon over it, squeezing gently.
3. Let it sit 5 minutes, scrape the gray liquid into a bowl, and wipe with a clean wet sponge.

Lemon and salt deodorize but do not sanitize. After raw meat, poultry or fish, wash with hot soapy water. Do not soak wood boards or put them in the dishwasher. Dry upright and oil sometimes with food-grade mineral oil.

The recipe

Cutting board odor paste

You need

• 2 tablespoons baking soda
• water added by teaspoons until a paste forms

How

1. Add water a teaspoon at a time to the baking soda until it makes a paste.
2. Spread on a washed board for 15 minutes, then rinse well and stand it up to dry.

This deodorizes but does not sanitize. Wash first, and sanitize as food-safety guidance says when you need to.

The recipe

Citric acid powder

You need

• 2 cups citric acid
• 10 to 15 drops lemon essential oil
• A food processor and an airtight container

How

1. Put the citric acid in the food processor, add the oil and pulse 5 to 10 seconds.
2. Store airtight.
3. Booster: 1 tablespoon per load in the detergent cup or the bottom of the machine. Cleaner: wash the filter, put 1/4 cup in the empty dishwasher and run a hot cycle.

Citric acid irritates eyes and skin: wear gloves. It looks like sugar, so label the jar and keep it away from children and pets. Never combine with chlorine bleach.

The recipe

Dishwashing spray refill

You need

• 2 fl oz (1/4 cup) liquid dishwashing detergent
• 1 fl oz (2 tbsp) rubbing alcohol
• 13 fl oz distilled water

How

1. Pour the liquids into a clean 16-ounce spray bottle and mix gently.
2. Spray on greasy dishes, let stand a moment, then wash and rinse well.

Alcohol is flammable: keep it away from flames, hot burners and anything that could spark. It does not disinfect, and it is not for automatic dishwashers. Label it as homemade.

The recipe

Weekly fizz

You need

• 1/2 cup baking soda
• 1 cup white vinegar
• 1 gallon boiling water

How

1. Pour the baking soda down the drain.
2. Add the vinegar and let it foam for several minutes.
3. Flush with the boiling water.

Not for PVC pipes with boiling water in some homes: check your pipes. Never use after a store drain cleaner, and do not mix with bleach.

The recipe

Foaming dish soap refill

You need

• 4 parts water
• 1 part regular liquid dish detergent (for example, 8 tbsp water and 2 tbsp detergent)

How

1. Pour the detergent into a clean foaming soap dispenser, then add the water.
2. Tip gently back and forth to mix. Pump the foam onto a sponge, wash the dishes and rinse well.

You need a foaming pump. Make a small supply, and replace it if it turns cloudy or smells. Not for automatic dishwashers.

The recipe

Vinegar spray with essential oil

You need

• 2 tablespoons white vinegar
• 1 quart water
• 4 drops essential oil (lavender, tea tree, lemon, lemongrass or rosemary)

How

1. Combine in a spray bottle.
2. Use as a final rinse after cleaning kitchen surfaces.

Not for natural stone (marble, granite, travertine): acid dulls it. Store in a cool, dark place. Essential oils can harm pets: use them sparingly.

The recipe

Ice and citrus

You need

• 1 cup ice cubes
• A used lemon or orange rind

How

1. Turn on the cold water and the disposal.
2. Feed in the ice and the rinds and grind until it is all gone.

Keep hands and utensils out of the disposal, and turn it off before you reach in.

The recipe

Homemade dish soap (for handwashing only)

For handwashing dishes only, not for automatic dishwashers. Dr. Bronner’s does not recommend castile soap in dishwashers: in hard water it can leave a film on dishes and inside the machine, and it can make suds. Dishwasher makers can also refuse a repair if the machine was run with something other than dishwasher detergent, so check your owner’s manual.

Equipment

• Regular quart mason jar with lid (not wide-mouth)
• Blender with blade and gasket that fits a mason jar

Ingredients

• 3 cups water (dry cup measure, not liquid measure)
• 1 cup Arm & Hammer Washing Soda (completely lump free, do not substitute)
• 5 Tbsp Dr. Bronner’s Liquid Castile Soap, peppermint (do not substitute other Castile soaps)
• 1 Tbsp Glycerin

Instructions

1. Add the water to a regular quart mason jar. Tap water is fine.
2. Add the Dr. Bronner’s Castile soap.
3. Add the lump-free washing soda a little at a time, giving it a chance to dissolve so it doesn’t overflow.
4. Put the lid on the jar. Shake thoroughly.
5. INVERT THE JAR. Do not skip this step or you’ll have a solid block at the bottom of the jar that you cannot get out.
6. Let set for at least an hour, then shake vigorously again and return it to its INVERTED position. Do not let the contents settle on the bottom.
7. DO NOT LET THIS SET OVERNIGHT.
8. After a couple of hours, open the jar. The mixture should be gelled.
9. Add 1 Tbs of Glycerin to jar prior to whipping if you intend to store this for longer than 30 days.
10. Attach your blender blade and gasket directly to the mason jar and whip for a minute or so until smooth and creamy.

To use

Use 1 tablespoon for a sink of dishes in normal water, 2 teaspoons ONLY in soft water.

The recipe

Lemon and baking soda pot scrub

You need

• 1/2 lemon
• 1 tablespoon baking soda

How

1. Dust the pot with baking soda.
2. Scrub gently with the cut side of the lemon, then rinse and dry well.

Not for cast iron (it can strip the seasoning), natural stone or delicate aluminum.

The recipe

Vinegar steam

You need

• 1 cup white vinegar
• 1 cup warm water
• Glass measuring cup or microwave-safe bowl
• A wooden spoon or skewer to set in it

How

1. Put the vinegar and water in the bowl with the wooden spoon in it (it helps stop boil-overs).
2. Microwave 5 to 10 minutes, depending on your microwave.
3. Carefully remove the bowl with an oven mitt, then wipe the door and inside; the steam has loosened the mess.

Very hot liquid can erupt: keep the spoon in and stand back when you open the door. Never microwave a dry sponge or one with metal fibers.

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No vinegar: lemon and a wet sponge

You need

• A saturated sponge
• A few ounces of water and 3 to 5 drops lemon oil (or lemon juice) in a spray bottle

How

1. Spray the inside with the lemon water.
2. Microwave the wet sponge about 2 minutes, leave the door closed a few minutes, then wipe with the sponge once it is cool enough.

Let the sponge cool before touching it.

The recipe

Baking soda paste

You need

• 2 cups baking soda, plus extra for the racks
• 3/4 cup water
• 8 to 16 drops lemon essential oil (optional)
• White vinegar in a spray bottle

How

1. Stir the baking soda, water and oil into a thick paste. Spread newspaper on the floor.
2. With the oven off and completely cool, scrape out loose bits and spread the paste over the inside, around (not on) the heating elements. Leave 6 to 8 hours.
3. Wipe the inside with a damp sponge, top to bottom, rinsing until no baking soda is left.
4. Racks: lay them in the sink, sprinkle with baking soda, spritz with vinegar, cover with hot water and soak overnight, then scrub and rinse.

Only with the oven off and cool, and keep paste off the heating elements. Wear gloves. Rinse the oven well.

The recipe

Oven paste (baked-on grime)

You need

• 3/4 cup baking soda
• 1/4 cup water

How

1. Mix the baking soda and water into a paste.
2. Spread on a completely cool oven and gently scrub.
3. Wipe off all the residue with damp cloths, rinsing the cloth often.

Check your oven manual. Do not coat the heating elements, fans, seals or catalytic liners.

The recipe

Oven spill paste (fresh spills)

You need

• 1/4 cup baking soda
• 1/4 cup table salt
• water as needed for a spreadable paste

How

1. Mix the baking soda and salt, then stir in a little water to make a spreadable paste.
2. Spread on cool oven spills and leave 5 minutes.
3. Loosen gently and wipe away every trace.

Keep it off heating elements and vents, and off self-cleaning surfaces if your oven maker says not to use it.

The recipe

Soap and borax spray

You need

• 2 tablespoons liquid castile soap
• 2 tablespoons borax
• Hot water

How

1. Mix the soap and borax in a spray bottle, fill with hot water and shake well.
2. Spray inside the cool oven, leave for 20 minutes, then scrub off and rinse.

Oven off and cool. Keep it off the heating elements, and rinse well.

The recipe

Baking soda wash

You need

• 2 tablespoons baking soda
• 1 quart warm water

How

1. Dissolve the baking soda in the water.
2. Wipe all surfaces inside and out, shelves and drawers too.
3. Rub stubborn spots with dry baking soda or a paste, then wipe with a clean wet cloth.

Do not use soap: it leaves a smell.

The recipe

Refrigerator wash

You need

• 1 quart warm water
• 2 tablespoons baking soda

How

1. Dissolve the baking soda in the warm water.
2. Wash the shelves and inside walls, then rinse with plain water and dry.

Unplug the fridge if the manual says to, and keep water away from electrical parts.

The recipe

Sink scouring paste

You need

• 1/2 cup baking soda
• enough water to make a paste

How

1. Mix the baking soda with just enough water to make a paste.
2. Wet the sink, scrub gently with a soft sponge, and rinse several times.

Test a small spot first: scrubbing can scratch glossy or special finishes.

The recipe

Stovetop vinegar wipe

You need

• 1/2 cup white vinegar
• 1/2 cup water

How

1. Mix the vinegar and water.
2. Dampen a cloth with it (do not pour it on), wipe the cool stovetop, then rinse and dry.

Not for natural stone or electronics, or if your stove maker says no vinegar.

The recipe

Borax toilet bowl soak

You need

• 1 gallon hot water
• 1/2 cup borax

How

1. Dissolve the borax in the hot water.
2. Pour it into the bowl, scrub with the brush and flush.

Wear gloves, do not breathe the dust, and keep borax away from children and pets.

The recipe

Chrome shine paste

You need

• 1/4 cup baking soda
• 1 to 2 tablespoons water

How

1. Stir the baking soda and water into a soft paste.
2. Rub gently on the chrome, rinse well and buff dry.

Do not rub hard on plated or scratched finishes. Test a small spot first.

The recipe

Vinegar wrap for lime

You need

• White vinegar
• Paper towels

How

1. Soak paper towels in vinegar and lay them over the deposits.
2. Leave about an hour, then wipe clean.

Skip it on brass, nickel or special finishes. Test on a hidden spot first.

Another recipe

Baking soda wash for everyday

You need

• 2 tablespoons baking soda
• 1 quart water

How

1. Dissolve the baking soda in the water.
2. Wipe on stainless steel, chrome, fiberglass, ceramic, porcelain or enamel fixtures, then rinse.

The recipe

Foaming hand soap refill

You need

• 1/4 cup liquid castile soap
• 3/4 cup water

How

1. Pour the water into a clean foaming dispenser first, then add the soap.
2. Tilt gently to mix. Use as a hand wash and rinse well.

Use only a foaming pump. Diluted soap does not keep long, so make small batches and keep the pump clean.

The recipe

Baking soda and peroxide paste

You need

• 1/4 cup baking soda
• 1/4 cup 3% hydrogen peroxide
• A stiff (not metal) brush

How

1. Mix equal parts into a paste and spread it on the grout.
2. Let it sit about an hour, then scrub with the brush.
3. Wipe up with a damp cloth, rinsing well.

Mix fresh; do not store it. Skip chlorine bleach, which can permanently discolor grout. Peroxide can lighten colored grout, so test first.

Another recipe

Lighter cleaning

You need

• Hot water, or equal parts hot water and white vinegar

How

1. Spray on the grout and wait 5 to 10 minutes.
2. Scrub and rinse.
3. Optional: let the grout dry overnight, then seal it.

Not on natural stone tile, and use vinegar on grout only now and then.

The recipe

Grout paste

You need

• 1/4 cup baking soda
• 1 to 2 tablespoons water

How

1. Mix the baking soda with the water into a paste.
2. Spread on the grout and leave about 15 minutes.
3. Brush gently and rinse.

Test first. Do not scrub hard on damaged grout or soft stone.

The recipe

Homemade Toilet Cleaning Tablets

You need

• 1/2 cup citric acid
• 1/2 cup baking soda
• 1/2 cup cornstarch
• 1 teaspoon water
• 30 drops essential oil of your choice (optional)

Supplies

• Silicone molds or clean, empty K-Cups
• Glass mixing bowl
• Wooden spoon
• Small glass spray bottle
• Airtight storage container

How

1. Combine the dry ingredients. Add the citric acid, baking soda, and cornstarch to a glass bowl. Stir until thoroughly blended.
2. Prepare the liquid mixture. Combine the water and essential oil in a small spray bottle. Shake to mix.
3. Moisten the dry ingredients. Lightly mist the powder mixture while stirring continuously. Add the liquid gradually, using just enough moisture to help the ingredients hold together when pressed. Avoid oversaturating the mixture, which can cause it to fizz prematurely.
4. Fill the molds. Spoon the mixture into silicone molds or clean, empty K-Cups. Press firmly to compact each tablet.
5. Allow the tablets to set. Place the filled molds in the freezer for approximately 3 to 4 hours, or until the tablets are firm enough to remove. Let any remaining surface moisture evaporate before storing.
6. Store for later use. Carefully remove the tablets from their molds and transfer them to an airtight container. Keep in a cool, dry location away from moisture.

How to use

Drop one tablet into the toilet bowl and allow it to fizz and dissolve. Let it sit for several minutes, then scrub with a toilet brush if needed and flush.

Lavender, peppermint, and citrus essential oils are popular fragrance choices, but fragrance is optional. Store tablets in a clearly labeled container away from children and pets. Never combine the tablets with bleach or other toilet-cleaning chemicals. Use only in the toilet bowl, not in the toilet tank. These tablets can help with light cleaning and freshening but are not a substitute for a registered disinfectant when disinfection is needed.

The recipe

Makeup brush wash

You need

• 1 to 2 drops liquid castile soap per brush
• Running water

How

1. Wet the bristles, add a drop or two of soap and work through for at least 10 seconds.
2. Rinse until the water runs clear, reshape the brush and let it dry.

Keep water out of the metal part (the ferrule) and do not soak wooden handles.

The recipe

Bleach and water

You need

• 3/4 cup chlorine bleach
• 1 gallon water

How

1. Mix in a spray bottle or use with a brush.
2. Apply to the mildewed area, let stand five minutes, then rinse with clear water.

Ventilate, wear gloves, keep it off fabrics and colored surfaces. Never mix bleach with vinegar, ammonia or rubbing alcohol. Label the bottle and keep it away from children and pets.

The recipe

Shower spray for hard water spots

You need

• 1 cup white vinegar
• 1 cup warm water

How

1. Mix the vinegar and warm water and spray on the tile or glass.
2. Let it stand about 10 minutes, then rinse very well.

Never on marble or other limestone-type stone. Never mix with chlorine bleach.

The recipe

Soft scrub for sinks and tubs

You need

• 1/2 cup baking soda
• mild liquid castile soap, added gradually to form a paste

How

1. Stir the baking soda with castile soap, a little at a time, until it is thick but spreadable.
2. Spread on with a sponge, scrub gently and rinse well.

Not for natural stone or acrylic that scratches easily unless the maker says it is okay.

The recipe

Borax and vinegar

You need

• 1 cup borax
• 1/2 cup white vinegar

How

1. Flush to wet the sides of the bowl.
2. Sprinkle the borax around the bowl, then spray with vinegar.
3. Leave several hours or overnight, then scrub with a toilet brush and flush.

Never mix with bleach or a toilet cleaner that has bleach.

The recipe

Toilet bowl fizz

You need

• 1/4 cup baking soda
• 1 cup white vinegar

How

1. Sprinkle the baking soda into the bowl.
2. Slowly pour in the vinegar and let it fizz.
3. Scrub with the brush and flush.

Fizzing does not mean disinfecting. Do not seal the mixture in a container, and never add bleach.

The recipe

Toilet bowl powder

You need

• 1 1/2 cups plain baking soda

How

1. Keep the baking soda in a dry, labeled jar.
2. Sprinkle about 1/4 cup into the bowl, wait 10 minutes, scrub with the brush and flush.

It cleans but does not disinfect. Keep powder off wet floors and away from children and pets.

The recipe

Toilet bowl vinegar spray

You need

• 2 cups water
• 1/4 cup white vinegar

How

1. Mix the water and vinegar in a labeled spray bottle.
2. Spray around the rim, wait 15 minutes, then scrub and flush.

This cleans but does not disinfect. Never use it with a bleach toilet product.

The recipe

Vinegar, then a scrub

You need

• White vinegar
• Baking soda or non-iodized salt

How

1. Wipe the film off the tub with full-strength vinegar on a sponge.
2. Then use baking soda or salt like scouring powder: rub with a damp sponge.
3. Rinse thoroughly with clean water.

No vinegar on natural stone tile. Do not use salt or soda scrubs on fiberglass if they scratch: test first.

The recipe

Baking soda booster

You need

• 1/2 cup baking soda per wash load
• your usual laundry detergent

How

1. Add the baking soda along with your detergent.
2. Wash as usual.

A booster only: it does not replace a good detergent.

The recipe

Castile and baking soda laundry powder

You need

• 1 castile bar soap, finely grated
• 4 cups baking soda

How

1. Pulse the grated soap and baking soda in a food processor until even.
2. Keep dry and sealed. Use 1/4 to 1/3 cup per large load in a regular washer.

Dr. Bronner specifically does not recommend its bar-soap powder for HE washers or cold-water washing. Use warm or hot water only if the garment label allows it.

The recipe

Castile soap laundry wash (regular washer)

You need

• 1/3 to 1/2 cup liquid castile soap for one large load

How

1. Add the soap to the wash as the soap maker directs.
2. Wash as the garment labels say and rinse well.

Homemade laundry soaps have not been tested for high-efficiency (HE) washers, and GE does not recommend them there. Check your washer's manual first. Soap can leave residue in hard water and may not clean like detergent. Do not add vinegar to the wash.

The recipe

Classic Fels-Naptha, borax and washing soda powder

You need

• 1 bar Fels-Naptha laundry soap (5.5 oz), finely grated
• 1 cup washing soda
• 1 cup borax

How

1. Mix the grated soap with the washing soda and borax in a dry container. Label it and keep it sealed.
2. Use 1 tablespoon for light loads or 2 to 3 tablespoons for heavy loads.

Homemade laundry soaps have not been tested for high-efficiency (HE) washers, and GE does not recommend them there. Check your washer's manual first. Wear gloves and do not breathe the dust.

The recipe

Delicates hand wash

You need

• 1 tablespoon liquid castile soap
• 1 gallon cool water

How

1. Mix in a basin.
2. Swish the garment gently, soak about 10 minutes, swish again and rinse well.
3. Press out the water with a towel and dry as the care label says.

Do not use on dry-clean-only items, silk or wool unless the label allows it. Test the dye.

The recipe

Fels-Naptha bar stain pretreatment

You need

• 1 Fels-Naptha laundry bar
• Water

How

1. Wet the stain and the bar.
2. Rub the bar gently over the stain, let it sit a few minutes, then wash as the care label says.
3. Check the stain before using the dryer.

Test for colorfastness first. It can irritate eyes and skin. Not for dry-clean-only clothes.

The recipe

Five-gallon castile laundry soap

You need

• 6 ounces finely grated castile bar soap
• 1 cup borax
• 1 cup washing soda
• Hot water to make 5 gallons

How

1. Dissolve the grated soap in 4 cups of gently heated water.
2. Half fill a 5-gallon bucket with hot water, stir in the borax and washing soda, then add the soap water and top up to 5 gallons.
3. Cover and let it rest 24 hours. Stir before using, about 1/2 cup per load.

Homemade laundry soaps have not been tested for high-efficiency (HE) washers, and GE does not recommend them there. Check your washer's manual first.

The recipe

Gelled laundry soap (two-gallon batch)

You need

• 1/3 bar Fels-Naptha soap
• 1/2 cup washing soda
• 1/2 cup borax
• 6 cups hot water to start, then 4 cups hot water and 22 more cups of water

How

1. Dissolve the finely grated soap in the 6 cups of heated water, then stir in the washing soda and borax until mixed.
2. Carefully pour into a bucket holding 4 cups hot water, then add 22 more cups of water.
3. Stir and let it thicken overnight.

Check your washer's instructions before using it. Soap can leave residue, especially in hard water, and it is not the same as a tested HE detergent. Handle hot liquid carefully and use a sturdy bucket.

The recipe

Laundry powder with grated soap

You need

• 1 cup washing soda
• 1 cup borax
• 1 finely grated bar of Fels-Naptha soap

How

1. Stir the washing soda, borax and grated soap together very well.
2. Store in a labeled, sealed container.
3. Use about 2 tablespoons per regular load.

Check your washer's warranty and the fabric label: soap can build up in high-efficiency machines and hard water. Keep it dry and away from children.

The recipe

Pre-treater I

You need

• A clean, empty bottle
• 1/8 of the bottle lemon ammonia
• 1/8 of the bottle liquid laundry detergent (no bleach)
• Cold water to fill

How

1. Pour in the ammonia first, then the detergent, then add cold water. Swirl.
2. Saturate stains on everything except delicates, let it set a while, then launder as usual.

Never mix ammonia with bleach. Not for delicates.

Another recipe

Pre-treater II

You need

• 2/3 cup Dawn dishwashing liquid
• 2/3 cup ammonia
• 1/3 cup washing soda
• Water to fill a 1-quart bottle

How

1. Put everything in a quart spray bottle or jar and shake. Shake before every use, it settles.
2. Spray the stain, rub and launder as usual, or leave it on overnight for stubborn stains.

Never mix ammonia with bleach. Label it.

More: Laundry Pre-Treaters

The recipe

Laundry stripping soak

You need

• 1/4 cup washing soda
• 1/4 cup borax
• 1/2 cup powdered laundry detergent without bleach
• A tub of hot water

How

1. Dissolve everything in the hot water.
2. Soak light-colored cotton towels or sheets for several hours, stirring now and then.
3. Drain, rinse well and wash as the labels and your washer allow.

Strong treatment: not for most fabrics. Skip bright colors, wool, silk, elastic and delicate linens, and do not use detergent with bleach. Wear gloves, and keep the tub away from children and pets.

The recipe

Liquid detergent

You need

• 4 cups hot tap water
• 1 bar Fels-Naptha soap, grated
• 1 cup washing soda
• 1/2 cup borax
• Essential oil (optional)

How

1. Heat the water in a saucepan on low, add the grated soap and stir until it melts.
2. Fill half of a 5-gallon bucket with hot water, then add the melted soap, borax and washing soda, and fill to the top with tap water.
3. Let it sit overnight to thicken, then stir.
4. Fill clean detergent bottles halfway, top with water and shake before using.

Use 1/4 cup per load in a high-efficiency machine and 1/2 cup in a top loader. Label the containers and keep them away from children.

The recipe

Peroxide whitener for white loads

You need

• 1/2 cup of 3% hydrogen peroxide
• a normal wash load

How

1. Check your machine and fabric care labels allow it.
2. Add the peroxide to the wash or rinse compartment and run a normal load.

Test colors first. Never combine with chlorine bleach or vinegar: use plain peroxide only.

The recipe

Powder

You need

• 1 cup borax
• 1 cup washing soda
• 1 bar Fels-Naptha soap
• Oxygen stain remover (optional)

How

1. Chop the bar of soap very fine in a food processor.
2. Combine all the ingredients and store in a jar.
3. Use 2 tablespoons per load.

Keep out of children’s reach, and use a food processor bowl you wash well afterward.

The recipe

Small-batch Fels-Naptha laundry powder

You need

• 1 cup borax
• 1 cup baking soda
• 1 cup washing soda
• 6 to 8 oz grated Fels-Naptha (or a similar laundry bar)

How

1. Grate the bar very finely.
2. Mix it with the three powders until even, and store sealed and dry.
3. Use about 2 tablespoons per load.

This is traditional laundry soap, not a tested HE detergent, and GE does not recommend homemade detergent in its HE washers. Do not breathe the dust, and check the garment and machine labels.

The recipe

Spot treatment spray for fabric

You need

• 1 tablespoon vegetable-based liquid soap
• 1 tablespoon glycerin
• 8 tablespoons water

How

1. Shake the soap, glycerin and water in a small labeled bottle.
2. Dab a hidden spot first. If it is fine, treat the mark, rinse with cool water and wash.

Check the care label and colorfastness. Make a small amount and throw it out if the smell or look changes.

The recipe

Spray starch

You need

• 1 cup water
• 2 teaspoons cornstarch

How

1. Shake the water and cornstarch together in a spray bottle (shake before each use).
2. Mist lightly while ironing, following the fabric care label.

Test first. Too much can stiffen or leave a residue, and never spray near the hot face of the iron.

The recipe

Laundry powder

You need

• 1 cup powdered detergent (a bleach-alternative one)
• 1 cup oxygen cleaner
• 1 cup borax
• 1 cup washing soda

How

1. Combine everything and store in a jar with a lid.
2. Use 1 to 2 tablespoons per load.

Keep out of children’s reach. Oxygen cleaner is not for wool or silk.

More: Tide Clone

The recipe

Two-gallon Fels-Naptha liquid laundry soap

You need

• 1/3 bar Fels-Naptha soap, grated
• 1/2 cup washing soda
• 1/2 cup borax
• 6 cups water plus about 1 1/2 gallons more

How

1. Heat the grated soap gently in the 6 cups of water until it melts.
2. Stir in the washing soda and borax, take it off the heat, and add 2 cups hot water.
3. Pour into a large covered container, add the rest of the water, mix, and let it rest about 24 hours. Stir before using.
4. Use about 1/2 cup per load.

It is normal for it to gel or separate. Label it and keep it away from children. Homemade laundry soaps have not been tested for high-efficiency (HE) washers, and GE does not recommend them there. Check your washer's manual first.

The recipe

Vinegar and baking soda wash

You need

• Half water, half white vinegar (10 drops essential oil if you like)
• Baking soda
• Rags and an old toothbrush

How

1. Wipe the door, the rubber gasket and the outside with a rag dampened with the vinegar mix. Wash the soap tray and wipe its drawer.
2. Take out the filter, empty and scrub it, and put it back.
3. Sprinkle baking soda on the gasket and scrub with a vinegar rag.
4. Put baking soda in the drum, fill the soap tray with a cup of the vinegar mix, and run the hottest, longest (or Self Clean) cycle. Wipe the door dry right away.

Never mix vinegar with bleach. Keep the vinegar diluted: straight vinegar can harm seals on some machines. Keep the door open between loads, and empty the filter every couple of months.

The recipe

Washing soda booster

You need

• 1/2 cup washing soda per load
• your usual detergent separately

How

1. Put the washing soda in with the wash water as your machine's instructions allow.
2. Add your regular detergent and wash as usual.

Be careful with wool, silk and delicate dyes. Wear gloves if you handle it often.

The recipe

Washing soda booster (with your detergent)

You need

• 1/2 cup washing soda
• Your usual amount of laundry detergent

How

1. Add the washing soda along with the detergent, following both your detergent and washer directions.
2. Wash as usual.

Check your machine dispenser instructions. Not for wool or silk. Keep the powder off skin and eyes.

The recipe

Washing soda presoak

You need

• 2 tablespoons washing soda
• 1 gallon warm water

How

1. Dissolve in a plastic tub or basin.
2. Soak colorfast washables at least 30 minutes, then wash with detergent as usual.

Test for colorfastness. Use cool water for protein stains such as blood or milk. Avoid wool, silk and delicate dyes.

The recipe

Washing soda stain paste

You need

• 4 tablespoons washing soda
• 1/4 cup warm water

How

1. Stir into a soft paste.
2. Wearing gloves, apply gently to damp, sturdy fabric, then rinse or wash as the label says.

Test first: it can lift dye or irritate skin. Not for wool, silk or delicate finishes.

The recipe

Wrinkle release mist

You need

• 1 tbsp light-colored liquid fabric softener
• 2 cups hot water

How

1. Mix in a clean spray bottle and let it cool.
2. Lightly mist a washable garment on a hanger, smooth or gently pull the fabric, and let it dry.

Test a hidden spot first. Not for silk, leather, suede, dry-clean-only or delicate fabrics. It can leave a scent or a softener residue.

The recipe

Castile bar floor wash

You need

• 1 tablespoon grated castile bar soap, or 1/4 cup castile soap cream
• 1 gallon hot water

How

1. Dissolve the soap fully in the water.
2. Use a lightly damp mop and wipe dry promptly.

Use one form of soap, not both. Do not soak seams or leave a film, and avoid waxed floors.

The recipe

Castile soap floor wash

You need

• 1/2 cup liquid castile soap
• 3 gallons hot water

How

1. Stir the soap into a bucket of hot water.
2. Mop with a well-wrung mop and wipe up any wet spots right away.

Do not flood wood or laminate. Test for residue if you have hard water, and never add vinegar to the bucket.

The recipe

Ceramic tile floor rinse

You need

• 1 gallon water
• 1/4 cup white vinegar

How

1. Mix the vinegar into the water.
2. Damp-mop the tile and dry it.

Never on natural stone, cement tile or grout that acid could damage.

The recipe

Everyday soapy floor wash

You need

• 1 gallon warm water
• 2 tablespoons mild liquid soap

How

1. Stir the soap into the warm water.
2. Damp-mop (never wet-mop), rinse if it looks streaky, and dry promptly.

Avoid too much water and check your floor maker's directions.

The recipe

Light vinegar mix

You need

• 1/2 cup white vinegar
• 1 gallon warm water

How

1. Mix and put it in a spray bottle.
2. Mist the floor (do not soak it) and mop with a microfiber mop.

Avoid over-wetting: water swells the boards. Check your floor maker’s advice first.

The recipe

Linoleum floor wash

You need

• 2 gallons warm water
• 1/4 cup vegetable oil-based liquid soap

How

1. Dilute the soap in the warm water.
2. Damp-mop, then wipe off any residue with a clean damp cloth.

Test a hidden spot, and use a well-wrung mop.

The recipe

No-wax floor wash

You need

• 1 gallon warm water
• 1/2 cup white vinegar
• 2 tablespoons liquid soap

How

1. Combine the water, vinegar and soap.
2. Lightly damp-mop; use a damp rinse cloth if there is any residue.

Skip stone, and skip it if your floor maker says no acid.

The recipe

Vinyl floors

You need

• 1 cup white vinegar
• 1 gallon warm water

How

Mix in a bucket and mop as usual.

Test on a hidden spot first.

Another recipe

Ceramic tile floors

You need

• 1/4 cup white vinegar (more if it is very dirty)
• 1 gallon water

How

Mix and mop. It usually needs little scrubbing and leaves no film, even in hard water.

No vinegar on stone tile or around unsealed grout.

The recipe

Vinyl floor vinegar wash (larger batch)

You need

• 2 gallons warm water
• 1 cup white vinegar

How

1. Mix the vinegar and warm water.
2. Use a barely damp mop, then a plain-water wipe if needed.

Some vinyl makers say no vinegar, so check yours first.

The recipe

Castile soap spray

You need

• 1 teaspoon castile soap
• 4 cups water
• 5 to 10 drops essential oil (optional)
• A spray bottle and a microfiber mop

How

1. Sweep or vacuum first.
2. Shake the soap, water and oil in a spray bottle. Test under a piece of furniture and check for damage.
3. Mist about 3 square feet at a time, so no water sits on the floor.
4. Mop along the grain with a dry microfiber mop, rinsing and wringing the pad as it gets dirty.

No vinegar or lemon (acid can strip the finish and leave floors cloudy), no baking soda, and no excess water. Peppermint and citrus oils can harm pets, so skip them or keep pets off until dry.

The recipe

Carpet deodorizing powder

You need

• 1 1/2 cups plain baking soda

How

1. On carpet that allows powders, scatter a light amount and wait about 10 minutes.
2. Vacuum thoroughly.

Some carpet and vacuum makers advise against baking soda because the fine powder can clog or damage equipment: check first. Never add essential oils around birds.

The recipe

Baking soda and oil

You need

• 1 cup baking soda
• 10 to 15 drops essential oil (lavender, peppermint or lemon)

How

1. Mix and break up any lumps with a fork.
2. Sprinkle over the carpet, wait 15 minutes (or a few hours for strong smells), then vacuum it all up.

Keep pets and children off until vacuumed. Essential oils can harm pets: use a little, or none.

The recipe

Dish soap solution

You need

• 1 teaspoon clear dish soap
• 1 cup warm water

How

1. Blot up the spill, never rub.
2. Dab on the soap solution sparingly, wait a few minutes and blot.
3. Dab with plain water to rinse and blot dry.

Test a hidden spot, and do not soak the carpet.

Another recipe

Vinegar and baking soda

You need

• Equal parts white vinegar and water in a spray bottle
• Baking soda

How

1. Spritz the spot lightly with the vinegar water.
2. Cover with baking soda, wait a short while and blot with a damp cloth.

No vinegar on wool carpet. Never mix with bleach.

The recipe

Glycerin spot cleaner

You need

• 8 tablespoons water
• 1 tablespoon liquid plant soap
• 1 tablespoon glycerin

How

1. Shake the water, soap and glycerin in a small labeled bottle.
2. Blot a hidden spot first, then blot the spot from the outside inward and rinse by blotting with clean water.

Only on W or W/S upholstery. Do not soak the backing or padding.

The recipe

Baking soda and cornstarch

You need

• Equal parts baking soda and cornstarch

How

1. Sprinkle generously over the grease and leave several hours or overnight.
2. Vacuum it up and repeat if the spot still looks oily.

Test on a hidden spot first.

The recipe

Light upholstery refresh

You need

• 1 gallon water
• 1 teaspoon mild dish soap

How

1. Mix the soap into the water.
2. Dampen a microfiber cloth and wipe or blot lightly, then rinse with a separate barely damp cloth.

Test for bleeding and water rings. Not for solvent-only fabric or deep cleaning.

The recipe

Mild upholstery cleaner

You need

• 1 cup lukewarm water
• 1 teaspoon mild, clear liquid dish detergent

How

1. Stir the dish detergent into the lukewarm water.
2. Dab a little onto a white cloth, then blot with a second cloth dampened with clean water.
3. Let it air dry.

Check the cleaning code on the tag first. Do not soak cushions, and do not use on S or X fabric.

The recipe

Soap suds (W or W/S fabric)

You need

• 4 cups water
• 1/4 cup liquid dish soap
• A whisk or bucket mixer, a soft brush and microfiber cloths

How

1. Whisk the water and soap into thick suds.
2. Load the brush with suds, not water, and work gently from the top down.
3. Wipe each area with a lightly dampened cloth, let it air dry, then vacuum to fluff.

Test a hidden spot and do not soak the fabric.

Another recipe

Dry method (S or W/S fabric)

You need

• 2 to 3 cups isopropyl alcohol in a spray bottle
• Microfiber cloths
• Baking soda (optional, for odors)

How

1. Lightly spray one section with alcohol, rub with microfiber, let dry, then vacuum.
2. For odors, sprinkle baking soda about 1/4 inch thick, wait 30 to 60 minutes and vacuum.

Alcohol is flammable: open a window, no flames or smoking, keep children and pets away until dry.

Another recipe

Stain spray (W or W/S fabric)

You need

• 1 cup white vinegar
• 1 cup isopropyl alcohol
• A spray bottle

How

Spray the stain, wait 1 to 2 minutes, dab with microfiber and repeat gently.

Test first. For leather, dilute alcohol 4 parts water to 1 part alcohol.

The recipe

Beeswax paste

You need

• 1/4 cup melted beeswax
• 1 cup olive oil
• 1 teaspoon lemon juice

How

1. Melt the beeswax in a double boiler, watching carefully, then pour it slowly into a heat-resistant bowl holding the olive oil and lemon juice.
2. Stir slowly with a wooden spoon. It thickens as it cools to the consistency of smooth peanut butter.
3. Store in an airtight container in a cool room.
4. To use: work a small amount into the wood with a soft cotton cloth and buff to a glow.

Beeswax melts at about 150 degrees, so use a double boiler and never leave it unattended. Test on a hidden spot first.

The recipe

Fresh lemon furniture polish

You need

• Juice from 1 lemon
• 1 teaspoon olive oil
• 1 teaspoon water

How

1. Combine the lemon juice, olive oil and water just before using.
2. Wipe on a very thin film with a soft cloth, wait 5 minutes and buff well.

Do not use on unfinished, waxed, antique or unknown finishes. Make it fresh: do not store it.

The recipe

Gentle wood furniture wash

You need

• 1/4 cup white vinegar
• 1/4 cup water
• 1/2 teaspoon plant-based liquid soap
• 2 to 3 drops olive or jojoba oil

How

1. Mix the vinegar, water, soap and oil in a bowl.
2. Barely dampen a sponge, test a hidden spot, then wipe sealed wood.
3. Wipe with a clean damp cloth and dry.

Acid and oil can harm some finishes. Ask the maker before using it on antiques or valuable pieces.

The recipe

Basic cleaner and conditioner

You need

• 1/4 cup olive oil
• 1/2 cup white vinegar
• 10 drops lemon or eucalyptus oil (optional)
• A jar and two clean cloths

How

1. Shake the oil and vinegar in a jar.
2. Dampen a cloth, clean the whole piece, and dry off the excess with a second cloth. Do not soak the leather.

Not for unfinished leather or suede. Make small batches (olive oil can go rancid), and eucalyptus oil is toxic to pets.

Another recipe

Protein spots (blood, mud, food)

You need

• 1/4 cup lemon juice
• 1/4 cup cream of tartar

How

Mix a paste and rub it on, wait 10 minutes, wipe off with a damp cloth and a little mild castile soap, and dry.

Lemon can bleach leather: test first.

Another recipe

Mildew

You need

• 1/2 cup rubbing alcohol
• 1/2 cup water

How

Rub gently with a dampened cloth, wipe with a water-dampened cloth and dry.

Alcohol is flammable. Open a window.

The recipe

Oil furniture polish

You need

• 3/4 cup olive or vegetable oil
• 1/4 teaspoon white vinegar
• optional 1/2 teaspoon lemon oil

How

1. Mix the oil and vinegar (and lemon oil) in a bottle and shake.
2. Test a hidden spot, wipe on a tiny amount and buff dry.

It can leave a residue or go rancid. Skip it on modern factory finishes unless the maker says it is okay.

The recipe

Wipe-on mix

You need

• 2 tablespoons olive oil
• 2 tablespoons white vinegar
• 1/4 cup lemon juice

How

1. Mix the ingredients.
2. With a soft cloth, rub into the wood in the direction of the grain.

Not for unfinished wood. Mix small batches because olive oil can go rancid and it can darken some woods. Test on a hidden spot first.

The recipe

Vinegar and cream of tartar boil

You need

• 1/2 cup apple cider vinegar per quart of water
• 2 tablespoons cream of tartar per quart of water

How

1. Fill the aluminum pot with water, add the vinegar and cream of tartar and boil about 10 minutes.
2. Pour it out, let the pot cool, then wash with dish soap.

Only for plain aluminum pots.

The recipe

Lemon and salt

You need

• 1 lemon
• Table salt

How

1. Halve and seed the lemon, coat the cut side with salt and rub over the metal, adding salt as needed.
2. Leave up to an hour, then rinse, dry and buff.

Use a magnet test: if it sticks, the piece is plated. Clean plated or lacquered brass only with hot soapy water. No steel wool or metal brushes.

Another recipe

Salt, flour and vinegar paste

You need

• 1/2 teaspoon salt
• 1/2 teaspoon flour
• 1/2 cup white vinegar

How

1. Mix a paste, apply and leave up to an hour.
2. Rinse with warm water and buff dry.

Not on antiques or cookware linings without checking. Rinse well so the acid does not keep etching.

Another recipe

Lemon, salt and cornstarch paste

You need

• Equal parts non-iodized salt and cornstarch
• Lemon juice

How

1. Mix with lemon juice into a paste and rub gently on with a soft rag.
2. Rinse with warm water and mild dish soap, then dry with a soft cloth.

Not for lacquered finishes.

More: Remove Tarnish From Copper Bottom Pans

The recipe

Brass polish paste

You need

• 3 teaspoons salt
• 1 tablespoon flour
• white vinegar added slowly to a paste consistency

How

1. Mix the salt and flour, adding the vinegar slowly until it is a paste.
2. Rub gently on the brass, rinse right away and dry completely.

Only for solid, unlacquered brass. Never use on plated, lacquered, antique or patinated brass, because salt can scratch.

The recipe

Castile cream window wash

You need

• 1 teaspoon castile soap cream
• 1 quart warm water

How

1. Whisk to mix.
2. Spray the glass lightly and squeegee, then finish with plain water and dry.

Use this or the castile soap window wash, not both in one bottle.

The recipe

Castile soap window wash

You need

• 1 tablespoon liquid castile soap
• 1 quart water
• Plain club soda for a finishing pass (optional)

How

1. Stir the soap into the water and pour into a spray bottle.
2. Spray lightly on the glass and squeegee.
3. If streaks of soap remain, finish with plain club soda from a separate bottle and squeegee dry.

Do not put an acid rinse like vinegar in the same bottle as the soap. Skip coated or treated glass unless the maker says it is okay.

The recipe

Chrome and stainless trim wash

You need

• 1 quart water
• 2 tablespoons baking soda

How

1. Dissolve the baking soda in the water.
2. Wipe the trim, rinse well and buff dry.

Test for deposits, and be gentle on plated or polished surfaces.

The recipe

Copper polish paste

You need

• 2/3 cup white vinegar
• 2/3 cup flour
• 1/2 cup salt

How

1. Blend the vinegar, flour and salt into a paste.
2. Spread a thin layer on the copper, leave briefly, then rinse fully and buff dry.

Not for lacquered, patinated or antique pieces. Do not leave the paste on for long.

More: Remove Tarnish From Copper Bottom Pans

The recipe

No-streak glass cleaner

You need

• 1/4 cup white vinegar
• 1 tablespoon cornstarch
• 1 quart warm water

How

1. Mix and use with a sponge, or pour into a spray bottle.
2. Wipe dry with crumpled newspaper and buff to a shine.

Another recipe

Mirror and window polish

You need

• Cornstarch
• Water

How

Mix a paste, rub it gently onto the mirror with a soft cloth, then wipe clean with another soft cloth.

Another recipe

Lemon glass cleaner

You need

• 1 tablespoon lemon juice
• 1 quart water
• A linen or soft cloth

How

Apply to the glass and wipe dry for a shine.

The recipe

Cornstarch window cleaner

You need

• 4 cups warm water
• 1/4 cup white vinegar
• 1 tablespoon cornstarch

How

1. Shake the warm water, vinegar and cornstarch well.
2. Wipe the window and polish it dry.

Shake before every use, and keep it away from coated glass and grooves.

The recipe

Diamond ring soak

You need

• About 10 drops plain liquid dish detergent
• Warm water to fill a small clean glass

How

1. Soak a sturdy, securely set diamond ring in the soapy water about 15 minutes.
2. Brush lightly with a soft toothbrush, rinse carefully over a covered drain and dry with a soft cloth.

Not for pearls, opals, soft gemstones, glued settings, costume jewelry, loose stones or antiques. If you are unsure, ask a jeweler.

The recipe

Extra-dirty window spray

You need

• 2 cups water
• 3 tablespoons white vinegar
• 1/4 teaspoon liquid detergent

How

1. Swirl the water, vinegar and detergent in a bottle.
2. Wipe the glass, rinse any spots where soap remains and squeegee dry.

Avoid tinted film, stone surrounds and surfaces where vinegar is not allowed.

The recipe

Fast-drying glass and mirror spray

You need

• 2 cups water
• 1/2 cup white vinegar
• 1/4 cup 70% rubbing alcohol

How

1. Mix the water, vinegar and rubbing alcohol in a labeled spray bottle.
2. Wipe the glass with microfiber and buff dry right away.

Flammable: keep away from heat and flames. Not for electronics, tinted film or coated glass.

The recipe

Vinegar, alcohol and cornstarch

You need

• 1/2 cup white vinegar
• 1/4 cup rubbing alcohol
• 1 tablespoon cornstarch whisked smooth in 1 tablespoon cold water
• 2 cups cold or distilled water
• A few drops lemon oil (optional)

How

1. Funnel the vinegar and alcohol into a spray bottle, add the cornstarch mix and the water.
2. Cap tightly and shake well, and shake before each use.
3. Wipe glass in circles with a microfiber cloth, then dry with a cotton cloth, a paper towel or a coffee filter.

Ammonia-free. Do not use on eyeglasses. Alcohol is flammable, so use the cooktop only when it is cool. Spray the cloth, not the mirror, so cleaner does not run behind it. Never mix vinegar with bleach. Label the bottle.

The recipe

Lemon window wash

You need

• 1 quart water
• 1 tablespoon lemon juice

How

1. Mix the lemon juice into the water.
2. Apply lightly and buff with a clean lint-free cloth.

It is acidic: keep it off stone sills and coated glass.

The recipe

Silver tarnish foil bath

You need

• 1 quart warm water
• 1 teaspoon salt
• 1 teaspoon baking soda
• a sheet of aluminum foil

How

1. Line a heat-safe bowl with foil.
2. Add the salt and baking soda dissolved in warm water, then the silver item, and soak briefly.
3. Rinse and dry.

Not for antique, oxidized, plated or jewelry with stones or glue. Ask a conservator about valuable pieces.

More: Clean Silverware

The recipe

Vinegar spray

You need

• 500 ml (about 2 cups) white vinegar
• 20 drops lemon, orange or grapefruit essential oil
• A little olive or coconut oil for shine
• A glass spray bottle and soft cloths

How

1. Put the essential oil in the bottle, add the vinegar and fit the trigger.
2. Shake, spray, wait a few seconds and wipe with the grain.
3. For stuck food, let vinegar soak on it first. For shine, buff with a dry cloth with a tiny bit of oil, then wipe off the residue.

Do not add baking soda (it cancels the vinegar). Not for granite, quartz, marble or other stone, or for metallic paint. Never mix vinegar with bleach or hydrogen peroxide. Label it. It keeps six months or more.

The recipe

Vinegar and dish soap glass spray

You need

• 1 cup water
• 1/4 cup distilled white vinegar
• 3 drops liquid dish detergent

How

1. Mix gently in a spray bottle.
2. Wipe onto the glass with a clean cloth, then buff to remove streaks.

Only for glass and nearby surfaces that can take vinegar. Avoid natural stone, coated glass and finishes you are unsure of. It uses regular dish soap, not castile soap.

The recipe

Inside windows

You need

• 1 cup white vinegar
• 1 teaspoon liquid dish soap
• A few drops essential oil (optional)
• Water to fill a spray bottle
• Newspaper to wipe

How

1. Mix in a spray bottle and fill with water; add essential oil if you want it scented.
2. Spray, then wipe with newspaper to avoid streaks. Straight vinegar also works inside.

Never mix with bleach.

Another recipe

Outside windows, without ammonia

You need

• 1/4 cup vinegar
• 1 teaspoon dish detergent
• 1 gallon water

How

Mix, apply and rinse, then dry with a cloth.

Too much ammonia can discolor thermal pane windows, insulated film and rubber seals, so use the no-ammonia mixes on those windows.

More: Homemade Window Cleaners

Another recipe

Outside windows, with a little ammonia

You need

• 2 cups 70% rubbing alcohol
• 1/2 cup ammonia
• 1 teaspoon dish detergent
• Water to make 1 gallon

How

Mix and pour into bottles. Spray on, scrub if needed and rinse.

Never mix ammonia with bleach. Open a window and wear gloves.

The recipe

Baking soda spray

You need

• 1 tablespoon baking soda
• 2 cups distilled water
• 20 to 30 drops essential oil
• A spray bottle

How

1. Mix and shake well, and shake before each spray.
2. Mist into the air or lightly over fabric and let it dry.

Test fabrics in a hidden spot. Essential oils can harm pets and some are dangerous for cats, so keep them out of the room or leave them out.

The recipe

Carpet deodorizer (baking soda)

You need

• 1 cup baking soda for a small area of carpet

How

1. Sprinkle the baking soda lightly over a small area of dry carpet.
2. Wait about an hour, then vacuum thoroughly.

Skip it if your vacuum maker says no fine powders, or if children or pets can get into it. Do not wet it.

The recipe

Cinnamon and clove simmer pot

You need

• 2 cups water
• 1 cinnamon stick
• 4 whole cloves

How

1. Put the water, cinnamon stick and cloves in a small saucepan.
2. Simmer gently for a short time, topping up the water as needed.

Never leave it unattended, and avoid strong scents around birds.

The recipe

Cooking smell vinegar steam

You need

• 1 cup water
• 1 tablespoon white vinegar

How

1. Heat the water and vinegar briefly in a ventilated kitchen.
2. Turn off the heat and let it cool.

Never leave it heating unattended. Do not use near pet birds or people sensitive to vapors.

The recipe

Baking soda and tea tree

You need

• 1 cup baking soda
• 1 teaspoon tea tree oil

How

1. Mix in a small bowl, working out the lumps with a fork.
2. With the liner out, sprinkle it in the bottom of the can.
3. Now and then rinse the can with white vinegar and dry it in the sun.

Tea tree oil is toxic to pets: keep it where they cannot reach.

The recipe

Lemon, rosemary and vanilla simmer pot

You need

• 4 cups water
• 2 sliced lemons
• 4 rosemary sprigs
• 3 tbsp vanilla extract

How

1. Put everything in an open saucepan, bring briefly to a gentle boil, then turn it down to a low simmer.
2. Add water as needed so the pan never boils dry.

It scents the air but does not clean or disinfect. Never leave a simmering pan alone, and keep it away from birds and pets with sensitive breathing.

The recipe

Orange, cinnamon and clove simmer pot

You need

• 3 cups water
• 6 cinnamon sticks
• 1 tbsp pumpkin pie spice
• 2 tsp whole cloves
• 1 small sliced orange

How

1. Put everything in a pan, heat briefly to a simmer and keep it on low.
2. Top up the water whenever it runs low.

A home fragrance only, not a cleaner or disinfectant. Do not leave it unattended, and keep it away from companion birds and sensitive pets.

The recipe

Refrigerator odor absorber

You need

• 1/2 cup baking soda
• a shallow open container

How

1. Put the baking soda in a shallow open container at the back of the fridge.
2. Replace it about every 3 months.

It does not clean a spill or fix spoiled food. Find and remove the source of the smell.

The recipe

Baking soda overnight

You need

• Baking soda

How

1. Sprinkle a little in each shoe and leave overnight.
2. Tip it out in the morning.

Keep out of reach of pets.

The recipe

Stovetop potpourri

You need

• Orange or lemon peels
• A cinnamon stick or two
• A few whole cloves
• A sprig of rosemary (optional)
• Water

How

1. Put everything in a pot, cover with water, bring to a simmer and reduce the heat to low.
2. Check the water level now and then and top it up so it does not boil dry.

Never leave a simmering pot unattended.

The recipe

Trash can deodorizer (plain)

You need

• 1/4 cup baking soda per cleaned, dry bin

How

1. Wash the bin and let it dry completely.
2. Scatter the baking soda in the bottom before adding the liner.

Keep it away from pets, and remove the source of the smell first.

The recipe

Brick and concrete wash

You need

• 1 gallon water
• 2 tablespoons mild liquid soap

How

1. Dilute the soap in the water in a bucket.
2. Wet the surface, brush gently and rinse with clean water.

Test sealers and mortar first, and keep the runoff away from plants and storm drains.

The recipe

Soap and vinegar (light dirt)

You need

• 1 cup white vinegar
• 1 gallon warm water
• A little dish soap
• A stiff brush

How

1. Sweep first.
2. Scrub the surface with the mix and rinse with a hose.

Test a hidden spot. Not on natural stone patios.

Another recipe

Oxygen bleach (mildew and green film)

You need

• Powdered oxygen bleach, mixed as the label says
• A stiff brush

How

1. Wet the area, scrub on the oxygen bleach solution and leave about 15 minutes.
2. Scrub and rinse well, and wet the plants nearby first.

Use oxygen bleach, not chlorine bleach, which harms plants and fades wood. Do not use pressure washers too close on soft wood.

The recipe

Garden tool scrub paste

You need

• 2 tablespoons baking soda
• 2 tablespoons water

How

1. Mix equal parts baking soda and water into a paste.
2. Rub gently on the metal, wash off and dry.

Do not scrub sharp edges or protective finishes. Dry tools well so they do not rust.

The recipe

Garden tool wash bucket

You need

• 5 gallons water
• 1 tablespoon mild dish soap

How

1. Mix the soap into the water in a bucket.
2. Soak tools 15 to 20 minutes if you like, brush clean, rinse and dry the metal completely.

Cleaning does not kill plant diseases. If a plant was sick, follow garden sanitation advice.

The recipe

Foil scrub

You need

• 1 1/2 cups baking soda and 1/2 cup water
• 2 to 3 feet aluminum foil
• A brush or sponge

How

1. Mix the baking soda and water into a thick paste and coat the grates.
2. Wait a few minutes, scrub each wire with a crumpled ball of foil, then rinse.

Let the grill and grates cool first. Optional first step: heat the grill on high to loosen food, then let it cool.

Another recipe

Cast iron paste

You need

• 1 1/2 cups baking soda
• 1/4 cup dish soap
• 1/4 cup white vinegar
• Vegetable oil

How

1. Mix into a frothy paste and paint it on the grates, avoiding gas burners.
2. Close the grill (do not turn it on) and leave 8 to 12 hours.
3. Scrub with a nylon brush, wipe with warm water, dry, and rub with vegetable oil.

Do not light the grill during the soak.

Another recipe

No-scrub soak

You need

• 2 cups white vinegar
• 1 cup baking soda
• A large garbage bag and a rubber band

How

1. With the grates completely cool, put the vinegar and baking soda in the bag (it foams), add the grates and seal loosely.
2. Leave in a cool spot 8 to 12 hours, then rinse with a hose and rub off what is left.
3. Throw away the bag and liquid.

Do not seal the bag tight (foam builds pressure). Wear gloves and keep it away from children and pets.

Another recipe

Porcelain or enamel grates

You need

• Baking soda
• A damp scour sponge (no metal tools)

How

1. Wet the grates and sprinkle baking soda on liberally.
2. Wait 10 minutes, scrub with the damp sponge and rinse.

Check for loose wire bristles if you use a wire brush.